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TIP of Fiber
& Yarn
TIP of Fiber
& Yarn
1. Fiber Classification
2. Staple Fiber : Short natural fiber or synthetic fiber which has been cut
3. Fiber : Long length of material as compared to thickness (or cross-section area)
4. Filament : Long fiber (like silk) or form of synthetic fiber to be produced in a long sequence
5. Spinning : Process of manufacturing long lengths of yarn by arraying staple fibers (cotton, wool, etc.) thinly and then twisting them
6. Lap : intermediary state wherein the material has been flattened and rolled before becoming yarn or sliver
7. Sliver : Condition wherein the material is of a thick, round form before being turned into yarn
8. Roving yarn : Thick yarn (generally, 0.6~1.5 yarn count) produced during the roving process before ring spinning process
9. Draft : Process of making sliver thin by stretching it
10. TPI (Twist per Inch) : Unit of twist number per inch and used in spun yarn
11. TPM (Twist per Meter) : Unit of twist number per meter and used in twisted yarn and synthetic fiber
12. Count
- Unit of yarn’s thickness and indicating “NE, ‘s, count”
- Low yarn count: Yarn with less than 20 count
- Medium yarn count: Yarn with 30~40 count
- High yarn count: Yarn with more than 50 count
13. Waxed yarn : Yarn with wax ingredient added at winding machine in order to reduce friction at the knitting stage
14. Set yarn : Yarn with reduced occurrence of snarls during the weaving (or knitting) stage through the addition of steam to yarn
15. Cone : Spun yarn to be wound around conical paper core (or bobbin)
16. Cheese : Spun yarn to be wound around cylindrical paper core (or bobbin)
17. Textile Manufacturing : Overall operation from spinning to weaving (or knitting))
18. Weaving : Process of making textiles by intersecting warp with weft using a weaving machine
19. Knitting : Process of making textiles by knitting yarns through the needles of a circular knitting machine or warp knitting machine